Article

Name: The influence of the Russian language on the Tuvan vocabulary: borrowings of the new time

Authors: B. Ch. Oorzhak, E. K. Annay, N. M. Mongush

Tuvan Institute for Humanities and Applied Social and Economic Research under the Government of the Republic of Tuva, Kyzyl, Russia

In the section Лексикология

Abstract:

Globalization has led to the Tuvan language being influenced by the dominant Russian language. Russian loanwords and international vocabulary are intensively enriching the Tuvan lexicon. Newly integrated Russian loanwords encompass over thirty thematic classifications, spanning diverse domains including daily life, political discourse, economics, social structures, scientific advancements, technological innovation, and cultural expressions, all reflecting societal, political, and technological developments. This study illuminates a novel phase of Russian lexical influx into the Tuvan language, spanning from the 1990s to the present. The current period is marked by shifts in political and economic paradigms, the rise of digital technologies, and profound global changes affecting the scope and influence of languages worldwide. A comparative semantic analysis of Russian loanwords is conducted across four distinct historical periods. The database “Russian lexical borrowings in the Tuvan language” (6227 units), compiled in collaboration with the authors, served as the basis for this analysis. For illustrative purposes, we examined instances of Russian loanwords in contemporary Tuvan-language media, including issues of the newspaper “Shyn” from the 1990s onward. This source provides insight into the daily Tuvan life, complemented by examples from Tuvan literature. Direct observation, comparative analysis, and descriptive techniques form the methodological basis of this study.

Keywords: Tuvan language, Russian database, vocabulary, borrowings from the Russian language, thematic groups.

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